What Materials Can You Laser Cut?

Great — here’s the next one, in fullOne of the most compelling reasons people choose laser cutting is its versatility. A single machine can work with a wide range of materials, from wood and acrylic to metals and fabrics. Still, not every material is safe or practical, and understanding the differences is essential before starting a project.

Wood

Wood is one of the most common and beginner-friendly materials. Both hardwoods and softwoods cut cleanly, while plywood is popular for prototypes and signage.

• Pros: Cuts easily, engraves with good contrast, affordable.

• Cons: Can warp or burn if settings aren’t tuned; thickness can be limiting.

• Uses: Furniture components, signage, models, decorative items.

Acrylic

Acrylic is often considered the gold standard for laser projects. When cut properly, it leaves a flame-polished, glossy edge that looks professional.

• Pros: Clean edges, available in many colors and finishes.

• Cons: Only cast acrylic engraves well; extruded acrylic produces frosted edges.

• Uses: Displays, illuminated signs, awards, product housings.

Paper and Cardboard

Laser cutters excel with thin materials like paper, cardstock, and cardboard. Designers and packaging engineers rely on this for rapid prototyping.

• Pros: Inexpensive, fast to cut, versatile.

• Cons: Easy to burn; requires careful power settings.

• Uses: Invitations, packaging prototypes, architectural models.

Leather

Natural leather cuts and engraves beautifully, producing durable and stylish results.

• Pros: Strong contrast when engraved, works for both cutting and marking.

• Cons: Synthetic leathers often contain PVC, which is unsafe.

• Uses: Fashion accessories, upholstery details, custom branding.

Fabrics

Many textiles, including cotton, felt, and polyester blends, respond well to laser cutting. The process seals edges to prevent fraying.

• Pros: Fine detail possible, fast processing.

• Cons: Some synthetics melt; fumes may vary.

• Uses: Fashion design, stage costumes, upholstery panels.

Plastics

Certain plastics are compatible:

• Safe Options: PETG, Delrin, Mylar.

• Avoid: PVC, ABS, polycarbonate, and fiberglass due to toxic fumes or poor cut quality.

Always verify the composition before cutting.

Metals

Standard CO₂ lasers are limited with metals, but fiber lasers and high-power CO₂ machines handle them effectively.

• Pros: Extremely durable results, precision cutting.

• Cons: Requires higher-end equipment; cost is greater.

• Uses: Aerospace components, signage, jewelry, industrial parts.

Glass and Ceramics

Glass cannot be cut but can be engraved for decorative purposes. Ceramics are similar — etching works, but full cutting is not possible with most systems.

Unsafe Materials

A few materials should never go into a laser cutter:

• PVC — releases chlorine gas.

• ABS — produces cyanide-based fumes.

• Polycarbonate — discolors and resists cutting.

• Fiberglass — hazardous fibers released.

These can harm both people and machines.

Questions & Answers

Q1: What is the easiest material for beginners to cut?
A: Wood and acrylic are the most beginner-friendly, producing predictable results.

Q2: Can you cut glass with a laser cutter?
A: No, glass cannot be cut, but it can be engraved for decorative purposes.

Q3: Why is PVC unsafe to cut?
A: It releases chlorine gas, which is toxic to humans and corrosive to the machine.

Q4: What’s the thickest material a laser can cut?
A: It depends on the machine. Hobby lasers may cut ¼-inch wood, while industrial systems handle steel over an inch thick.

Q5: Can fabric be safely cut with lasers?
A: Yes, many natural and synthetic fabrics can be cut, but some synthetics may melt or produce fumes.